ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 24610-1 Flrst edition 2006-04-15 Language resource management - Feature structures - Part 1: Feature structure representation Gestion des ressources linguistiques- Structures de traits- Partie 1: Représentation de structures de traits Reference number ISO 24610-1:2006(E) @ ISO 2006 IHSunder Not for Resale ISO 24610-1:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by IsO member bodies. In ?ISO2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either isO at the address below or IsO's memberbody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56. CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 4122 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ ISO 2006 - All rights reserved Not for Resale ISO 24610-1:2006(E) Contents Page Foreword. Introduction vi 1 Scope 2 Normative references .. 3 Terms and definitions. 4 General characteristics of feature structure 4.1 Overview...... 4.2 Use of feature structures 4.3 4.4 Notations. 4.4.1 Overview.. 4.4.2 Graph notation .. 4.4.3 Matrix notation .... 4.4.4 XML-based notation... 4.5 Structure sharing. 10 4.6 Collections as complex feature values. 12 4.6.1 Overview.... 12 4.6.2 Lists as feature values . 4.6.3 Sets as feature values ..... 14 4.6.4 Multisets as feature values .... 15 4.7 Typed feature structure... 16 4.7.1 Overview.. 16 4.7.2 16 4.7.3 Notations ... 16 4.8 Subsumption: relation on feature structures 18 4.8.1 Overview.... 18 4.8.2 18 4.8.3 ConditionAonpathvalues 19 4.8.4 Condition B on structure sharing .... 19 4.8.5 Condition C on type ordering ... 20 4.9 Operations on feature structures and feature values... 21 4.9.1 Overview. 21 4.9.2 Compatibility 21 4.9.3 22 4.9.4 Unification of shared structures ... 22 4.10 Operations on feature values and types 23 4.10.1 Concatenation and union operations ..... 23 4.10.2 Alternation... 24 4.10.3 Negation... 25 4.11 Informal semantics of feature structures... 27 5 XML Representation of feature structures.. .29 5.1 29 5.2 Organization .... 29 5.3 Elementary feature structures and the binary feature value.. 30 5.4 Other atomic feature values .. 32 5.5 Feature and feature..value libraries........ 35 5.6 Featurestructuresascomplexfeaturevalues 37 5.7 Re-entrant feature structures 40 5.8 Collections as complex feature values.. 41 Copyrght International Organizaionfrstadardizalonghtsreserved ili se from IHS Not for Resale ISO 24610-1:2006(E) 5.9 5.9.1 Overview .44 5.9.2 Alternation 5.9.3 .47 5.9.4 Collection of values 5.10 Default values .. .48 5.11 Linking text and analysis . .50 Annex A (informative) Formal definitions and implementation of the XML representation of feature structures. .54 A.1 Overview. A.2 RELAXNG specificationforthe module 54 Annex B (informative) Examples for illustration ... ..60 Annex C (informative) Type inheritance hierarchies... ..62 C.1 Overview.. 62 C.2 C.3 Multiple inheritance .. .64 C.4 Type constraints ....... 64 Annex D (informative) Denotational semantics of feature structure... .66 D.1 Feature structure signatures ..... ..66 D.2 Feature structure algebra....... D.3 FSdomains.. D.4 Feature structure interpretations ... 68 D.5 68 D.6 Subsumption.. ..68 D.7 Unification.... .69 Annex E (informative) U