中华人民共和国能源行业标准 承压设备无损检测 第8部分：泄漏检测 Nondestructivetestingofpressureequipments－ Part8:LeakTesting 2012-01-04发布 2012-03-01实施 国家能源局发布ICS77.040.20 H26 NB/T47013.8—2012NB/T47013.8—2012 295目次 前言····························································································································296 1范围························································································································297 2规范性引用文件·········································································································297 3术语和定义···············································································································297 4一般要求··················································································································297 5检测························································································································299 6结果评价··················································································································299 7记录和报告···············································································································299 附录A（规范性附录）气泡泄漏检测——直接加压技术······················································301 附录B（规范性附录）气泡泄漏检测——真空罩技术··························································303 附录C（规范性附录）卤素二极管泄漏检测技术································································305 附录D（规范性附录）氦质谱仪泄漏检测——吸枪技术······················································309 附录E（规范性附录）氦质谱仪泄漏检测——示踪探头技术·················································312 附录F（规范性附录）氦质谱仪泄漏检测——护罩技术·······················································315 附录G（规范性附录）氨泄漏检测技术············································································319 附录H（规范性附录）管道声波泄漏检测技术···································································322 附录I（规范性附录）压力变化泄漏检测技术····································································325 附录J（规范性附录）热导泄漏检测技术··········································································328 附录K（规范性附录）超声泄漏检测技术·········································································332NB/T47013.8—2012 296前言 本部分为NB/T47013《承压设备无损检测》的第8部分：泄漏检测。 本部分主要参照ASME《锅炉压力容器规范》（2001）第Ⅴ卷第十章的有关要求，并结合国内 的实际情况制定，其中附录G“氨泄漏检测技术”参考ASTME1066-95R06制定，附录H“管道声 波泄漏检测技术”参考中国特种设备检测研究院承担的国家“十一五”科研课题“埋地燃气管道泄 漏点定位检测技术研究及设备研制”研究成果制定。 本部分的附录A～附录K为规范性附录。 本部分由全国锅炉压力容器标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC262）提出并归口。 本部分起草单位：中国特种设备检测研究院、南京市锅炉压力容器检验研究院、合肥通用机械 研究院、上海材料研究所、中国石化工程建设公司、航天晨光股份公司、中石化南化公司化工机械 厂、南京宝色股份公司、河北省锅炉压力容器监督检验院、江西省锅炉压力容器检验检测研究院。 本部分起草人：沈功田、景为科、林树青、业成、陶元宏、金宇飞、徐锋、王笑梅、陈国柱、 刘鸿彦、周勤明、刘灿荣、马建宇、肖忠群、胡斌、秦先勇、崔强。 本部分由全国锅炉压力容器标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC262）负责解释。NB/T47013.8—2012 297承压设备无损检测 第8部分:泄漏检测 1范围 NB/T47013的本部分规定了承压设备的泄漏检测方法。 本部分适用于在制和在用承压设备的泄漏检测，可以用来确定泄漏部位和测量泄漏率。 本部分规定的各种检测方法与技术要求分别在各附录中规定。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本 文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 GB11533 标准对数视力表 GB/T12604.7无损检测术语泄漏检测 JB/T4730.1承压设备无损检测第1部分：通用要求 NB/T47013.7承压设备无损检测第7部分：目视检测 3术语和定义 GB/T12604.7界定的术语和定义适用于本部分。 4一般要求 4.1概述 泄漏检测的一般要求除应符合JB/T4730.1的有关规定外，还应符合4.2~4.4的规定。 4.2检测人员 泄漏检测人员未经矫正或经矫正的近（距）视力和远（距）视力应不低于5.0（小数记录值为 1.0）,测试方法应符合GB11533的规定。检测人员应每12个月检查一次视力，以保证正常的或正 确的近距离分辨能力。 4.3工艺规程 4.3.1应按JB/T4730.1的要求制定泄漏检测工艺规程，工艺规程应至少包括如下内容： a）适用范围； b）引用法规、标准； c）检测人员资格； d）检测设备和器材； e）检测条件（温度、气体或浓度等）； f）检测压力和保压时间； g）检测表面准备； h）检测时机；NB/T47013.8—2012 298i）检测工艺和检测技术； j）检测结果的评定； k）检测记录表格和保存； l）检测报告格式和要求； m）编制、审核和批准人员； n）编制日期。 4.3.2工艺规程应经验证，当各附录中规定的重要因素或其他对检测灵敏度有严重影响的因素发 生变化时，工艺规程应重新验证。 4.4设备和器材 4.4.1压力表／真空表 4.4.1.1量程 当泄漏检测采用刻度指示式和记录式压力表时，其量程应在检测压力的1.5倍～4倍的范围内， 宜为预期最大检测压力的2倍左右。这些量程范围的规定不适用于真空表。本部分附录中所列其他 类型压力表的量程范围要求，应按照相应附录的规定执行。 4.4.1.2精度 除另有规定外，泄漏检测用压力表的精度不得低于1.6级。 4.4.1.3位置 当被检件进行压力或真空泄漏检测时，刻度指示式压力表应与被检件直接连接，或从远距离处 与被检件连接，使检测人员在全过程中易于观察到这些压力表／真空表。对于规定需要用一个或多 个压力表／真空表的大型容器或被检系统，推荐采用可记录式压力表/真空表，以替代两个或多个指 示式压力表／真空表中的一个。 4.4.1.4应用 当规范性附录要求用其他类型压力表／真空表时，它们可以取代刻度指示式或记录式压力表／ 真空表，或者与刻度指示式或记录式压力表／真空表联合使用。 4.4.1.5校准 使用的指示式和记录式压力表／真空表最长每12个月应校准1次。 使用的压力表／真空表，其测得的结果应能符合所标明的精度，当认为检测结果有误时，应重 新校准压力表。 当参照本部分